Summary: These guiding principles are based on consensus achieved during an informal meeting of experts held in Geneva in early 2004 and adapted from the Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child. The publication lists the nine guiding principles, with the scientific rationale for each, and gives examples of diets from different parts of the world that can meet energy and nutrient needs of infants and young children after six months of age who are not breastfed. Annexes include information on developing locally appropriate feeding recommendations based on the principles, and on key issues around early breastfeeding cessation for infants and young children of HIV-positive mothers.